In Cameroon, retirees suffers severe economic, social and material underdevelopment conditions, incarnated by their standard of living.This is in spite of the creation of the National Social Insurance Fund which is supposed to catalyse for poverty reduction amongst these retirees . In this regard, majority of these retirees are unable to support their basic necessities of feeding, children’s fees, shelter, clothing, health and many others, informed by these paucity of retirees’ material and economic factors.This paper is mounted to determine the role of the National Social Insurance Fund in poverty alleviation amongst the retirees in Cameroon. Using the Process Theory of public policy makers and the structural Functional Theory, this paper argues that the National Social Insurance Fund appear ill- situated to counteract the growth of poverty amongst retirees in Cameroon. The paper recommends that, the National Social Insurance Fund can play a significant role in reducing poverty amongst Cameroon’s retirees by enhancing pension benefit, effective follow up of digital census system, improving governance practices, addressing administrative bottlenecks.