Nagaland is one of the states of India where shifting cultivation or Jhum is considered the predominant way of farming, The Culture of Nagas revolves around Jhum. But in recent times, most people or families who rely on Jhum are turning away from the traditional farming system for many reasons like preferring permanent farming over Jhum, switching to other businesses, migrating to cities/towns, and many more. Some international organizations, researchers, and central and state governments (India) are depicting Jhum as the chief environmental destructing force in Nagaland. Central and state governments are showing alternate ways of livelihood to deviate people from Jhum. The Jhum cultivation has not decreased drastically in Nagaland but fading away slowly the Jhum cultivation area across Nagaland and the number of families who depend on Jhum is not the same as they were at the beginning of the 21st century. Besides the reduction in Jhum cultivation, the environment is degrading rapidly in Nagaland. In this paper, we will analyse a few environmental factors like forest cover, groundwater levels, land desertification, usage of chemical pesticides, and monoculture farming and compare all factors statistically with the Jhum’s presence in the state over the last few years and we discuss the responses related to those factors which we recorded on the ground from farmers, intellectuals of the village and a field assistant of the agriculture department. In the end, we suggested a few steps to preserve the traditional agriculture system and cease the developmental works which are hazardous to the fragile and unique ecosystem of Nagaland.