Modern manufacturing industries are increasingly focused on achieving high quality, dimensional accuracy, surface finish, production efficiency, and cost reduction while minimizing environmen-tal impact. Cutting fluids play a vital role in machining operations by cooling the cutting tool and workpiece, and by removing chips from the heat-affected zone. However, in high-speed machin-ing, conventional fluid applications often fail to dissipate heat effectively, and their improper use and disposal adversely affect both human health and the environment. The Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) technique offers a viable alternative, achieving effective cooling and lubrica-tion using minimal quantities of lubricant. Recent studies have shown that combining MQL with nanofluids (NF-MQL) significantly enhances machinability and sustainability, particularly in the case of challenging materials. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the research on NF-MQL-assisted machining processes. The study concludes by identifying research gaps and pro-posing directions for future work in the field of sustainable machining.