The world's events over the past 20 years suggest that the threat posed by biological warfare is a harsh reality rather than a myth. It is abundantly clear that there is a need to improve clinical and public health understanding of highly contaminative diseases in light of the outbreaks caused by recently reviewed and resurgent pathogens, as well as the possibility that these pathogens could be used as bioterrorism agents. Not the usually understood terrorism but a different threat that is more lethal and not well known to mankind. This study provides a brief introduction to bioterrorism, the use of agents, and the extent of its cancellation, along with a pertinent note on India's current situation in terms of laboratory response networks, oversight systems, and readiness requirements. The events of the past 20 years in many parts of the world demonstrate that biological warfare is a serious and genuine threat. A number of outbreaks caused by recently discovered and resurgent pathogens, as well as the possibility of high-risk viruses being utilised as bioterrorism agents, demonstrate the significance of improving clinical and public health capability in handling highly infectious diseases. With a focus on India's current state of laboratory reaction networks, surveillance systems, and preparation, this review piece offers a succinct summary of bioterrorism, the agents employed, and countermeasures.