Training and development play a vital role in enhancing the quality and effectiveness of higher education institutions. As universities and colleges face increasing demands for improved teaching quality, research productivity, and technological integration, continuous professional development for faculty members has become essential. This review paper examines the concept, practices, and emerging trends in training and development within higher education institutions. The study synthesizes existing literature to analyze various training practices such as Faculty Development Programs (FDPs), pedagogical training, technology-based training, research development initiatives, and leadership and administrative training. The review also explores global and Indian perspectives on faculty development, highlighting the role of regulatory bodies such as the University Grants Commission (UGC) and the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) in promoting professional development programs. In addition, the paper discusses key challenges faced by higher education institutions in implementing training initiatives, including limited funding, lack of institutional support, heavy teaching workloads, resistance to change, and inadequate digital infrastructure. Furthermore, the study identifies emerging trends in faculty development such as online and blended training programs, the integration of artificial intelligence in teaching, continuous professional development (CPD), and international academic collaborations. The review also highlights important research gaps in the existing literature, particularly the need for empirical studies evaluating the effectiveness and long-term impact of training programs as well as research on digital faculty development. The findings suggest that strategic investment in faculty training, increased institutional support, technological integration, and global collaboration are essential for improving the quality of higher education. Continuous training and development initiatives are therefore crucial for strengthening teaching practices, enhancing research capabilities, and ensuring sustainable academic excellence in higher education institutions.